huruf vokal

Huruf dan Jenisnya

Apa definisi Huruf? Dari semua jenis-jenis huruf, pemakaiannya seperti apa?

Pertama-tama kita akan bahas tentang pengertian huruf.

Huruf merupakan sebuah grafem (bentuk, goresan, atau lambang) dari suatu sistem tulisan, misalnya alfabet Latin modern terdiri dari 26 huruf. Di dalam kajian bahasa Indonesia terdapat Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia atau disingkat PUEBI yang telah membahas rincian tentang pemakaian huruf dan jenis-jenisnya diantaranya,

Pemakaian Huruf dan jenis-jenisnya

Huruf abjad

Huruf abjad dalam kajian Bahasa Indonesia terdiri atas

HurufNamaHurufNamaHurufNama
A a
B b
C c
D d
E e
F f
G g
H h
I i
a
be
ce
de
e
ef
ge
ha
i
J j
K k
L l
M m
N n
O o
P p
Q q
R r
je
ka
el
em
en
o
pe
ki
er
S s
T t
U u
V v
W w
X x
Y y
Z z
es
te
u
fe
we
eks
ye
zet

Huruf Vokal

Huruf vocal dalam kajian bahasa Indonesia terdiri atas a, e, i, u, dan o.

Contoh pemakaian dalam kata

Huruf VokalDi AwalDi TengahDi Akhir
aapipadilusa
eenakpetaksore
iitusimpanmurni
oolehkotaradio
uulangbumiibu

Pada pengajaran lafal kata, bisa juga digunakan tanda aksen jika ejaan kata menimbulkan keraguan.

Contoh:

Kami menonton seri drama (séri).
Pertandingan bola tadi malam berakhir seri.

Huruf Konsonan

Huruf konsonan dalam bahasa Indonesia terdiri dari b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, dan z.

Contoh pemakaian dalam kata

Huruf KonsonanDi AwalDi TengahDi Akhir
b
c
d
f
g
h
j
k
l
m
n
p
q**
r
s
t
v
w
x** y z
bahasa
cakap
dua
fakir
guna
hari
jalan
kami
lekas
maka
nama
pasang
Quran
Raib
sampai
tali
varia
wanita
xenon yakin seni
sebut
kaca
ada
kafir
tiga
saham
manja
paksa – rakyat*
alas
kami
anak
apa
Furqan
Bara
asli
mata
lava
bawa
– payung lazim
adab

abad
maaf
balig
tuah
mikraj
sesak
bapak*
kesal
diam
daun
siap
putar
lemas
rapat


– – juz

*huruf k di sini melambangkan bunyi hamzah

** Huruf q dan x digunakan untuk nama dan keperluan ilmu.

Huruf Diftong

Di dalam bahasa Indonesia terdapat diftong yang melambangkan ai, au, dan oi.

Contoh Pemakaian Dalam Kata

Huruf DiftongDi AwalDi TengahDi Akhir
ai
au
oi
ain
aula
syaitan
saudara
boikot
pandai
harimau
amboi

Gabungan Huruf Konsonan

Terdapat empat gabungan huruf yang melambangkan konsonan, yaitu kh, ng, ny, dan sy.

Contoh Pemakaian Dalam Kata

Gabungan Huruf
Konsonan
Di AwalDi TengahDi Akhir
kh
ng
ny
sy
khusus
ngilu
nyata
syarat
akhir
bangun
hanyut
isyarat
tarikh
senang

Arasy

Huruf Kapital

  • Sering kali disebut juga huruf besar dipakai sebagai huruf pertama kata pada awal kalimat.
    Misalnya:
    Pekerjaan ini belum selesai.
  • Huruf kapital dipakai sebagai huruf pertama petikan langsung.
    Misalnya:
    “Kemarin, kau berangkat terlambat,” katanya.
  • Huruf kapital dipakai sebagai huruf pertama dalam ungkapan yang berhubungan dengan nama, Tuhan, termasuk kata ganti untuk Tuhan.
    Misalnya:
    Yang Maha Kuasa
    Al-Qur’an

Huruf Miring

  • Huruf miring dalam cetakan dipakai untuk menuliskan nama buku, majalah, dan surat kabar yang dikutip dalam tulisan.
    Misalnya:
    Majalah Metropolitan
  • Huruf miring dalam cetakan dipakai untuk menegaskan atau mengkhususkan huruf, bagian kata, kata, atau kelompok kata.
    Misalnya:
    Dia bukan menipu, tetapi ditipu.
  • Huruf miring dalam cetakan dipakai untuk menuliskan kata nama ilmiah atau ungkapan asing kecuali yang telah disesuaikan ejaannya.
    Misalnya:
    Nama ilmiah buah manggis ialah Garcinia mangostana.

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